How to Choose Sintering Methods for Titanium-Zirconium-Molybdenum (TZM) Alloy?

The earliest produced in the industry is titanium-zirconium-molybdenum (TZM) alloy, which is a molybdenum alloy containing 0.4%-0.55% titanium, 0.06%-0.12% zirconium and 0.01%-0.04% carbon. The total amount of alloying element does not exceed 1%. 

There are two main sintering methods for titanium-zirconium-molybdenum alloy: hydrogen protection sintering and vacuum sintering as following: 

1.Hydrogen protection sintering: the product is sintered under the protection of hydrogen. 

During the process, due to the reduction effect of hydrogen, the oxides in the molybdenum powder will be replaced by hydrogen, reducing the oxygen content in the material to below tens of ug/g. For molybdenum alloys with active elements such as titanium and zirconium, due to the high activity of alloying elements, they will react with impurity gases in hydrogen to form oxides, nitrides, hydrides, etc., resulting in high impurity content in TZM alloy. It seriously affected its mechanical properties. Therefore, vacuum sintering is more popular with most factories.

In the process, generally a slight excess of carbon element (relative to the predetermined composition) is added to deoxidize the metal oxide through the reduction of carbon element. Among them, there are two main types of deoxidation mechanisms: metal oxides in the carbon reduction system produce metal carbides and CO, and MoO2 undergo disproportionation reactions under vacuum and high temperature to produce metal Mo and MoO3 gases which are extracted.

In the disproportionation reaction of metal oxides and MoO2 in the carbon reduction system, the temperature at which the two reactions start is related to the partial pressure of the product gas in the furnace. As the partial pressure of the product in the furnace decreases, the reaction start temperature gradually decreases. Therefore, increasing the vacuum degree in the furnace and reducing the partial pressure of the product gas can lower the temperature at which the deoxygenation reaction proceeds, which is beneficial to the deoxygenation.

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Why TZM Is Essential for Hot Runner Nuzzle Tips?

Polycarbonate (PC) is an amorphous, odorless, non-toxic, highly transparent, colorless or yellowish thermoplastic engineering plastic. Most of hot runner nuzzle tips use BECU material for plastic injection molding. 

However, if a certain amount of glass fiber (GF) is added to the PC material, the nuzzle tip will be easily worn. Once the nuzzle tip is worn, the tip will become larger and higher, and eventually the heat will not be conducted to the front section and lead to cold glue. At that time, the tip should be replaced but frequent replacement of the tip may cause a lot of troubles in production. Obviously, the wear resistance and the good thermal conductivity the nozzle material are important. 

A small amount of titanium and zirconium can improve the dimensional stability of molybdenum at high temperature. The hot runner nozzles made of TZM alloy can greatly extend the service life and minimize tooling time and downtime. Solid solution hardening of molybdenum and titanium coupled with titanium-zirconium carbides improve the mechanical properties at high temperatures. This is very suitable for applications in high-temperature furnaces, but in contrast, plastic injection molding is performed at moderate temperatures. But TZM also has its advantages here. The nozzle material is subject to high levels of mechanical stress at temperatures of 400 °C.

Compared with other materials, TZM material has excellent thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance, which provides decisive advantages for the hot runner process. In addition, the hardness and tensile strength of the alloy are higher than those of pure molybdenum. This makes the material more elastic. It is also worth noted that many types of plastics contain extremely hard additives such as glass fibers or pigments. The wear resistance of TZM material will greatly reduce the damage when processing plastics containing highly abrasive components.

Chinatungsten is a professional manufacturer of tungsten and molybdenum for more than two decades. The TZM material provided by us would be helpful for the service life and work efficiency of hot runner systems. 

If you have any inquiry of TZM rod, please feel free to contact us:

Email: sales@chinatungsten.com/sales@xiamentungsten.com

Tel.: +86 592 5129696/+86 592 5129595

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Titanium-Zirconium-Molybdenum Alloy (TZM)

The earliest molybdenum alloy is titanium-zirconium-molybdenum alloy (TZM) in industry. Titanium-zirconium-molybdenum alloy (TZM) is famous for it's properties of higher strength, better electronic and heat conductivity and corrosion resistance, lower ductility and vapor pressure, higher temperature of recrystallization and relatively easier to be processed than other refractory metals. TZM with the least content of titanium, zirconium and carbon is in the leader in these alloys. TZM is a kind of alloy with (0.5 titanium, 0.08 zirconium, 0.02 carbon) and the margin of TZM is molybdenum. There are two methods of producing TZM: smelting process and powder-alchemical process.

Applications:

TZM is widely used in aviation, aerospace industry, such as: materials used for the nozzle, buried pipes and electronic tubes and so on. TZM also is applied to semiconductor products and medical field，for example, the cathode assembles in X-ray target. TZM can also be used as heating elements in high-temperature furnace, heat shield, light alloy forging etc.

If you have any inquiry of hot runner molybdenum alloy rod, please feel free to contact us:
Email: sales@chinatungsten.com/sales@xiamentungsten.com
Tel.: +86 592 5129696/+86 592 5129595
Fax: +86 592 5129797

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